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The Eyalet of Rumeli or Rumelia (),〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.geonames.de/coutr-ota-provinces.html )〕 also known as the Beylerbeylik of Rumeli, was a first-level province (''beylerbeylik'' or ''eyalet'') of the Ottoman Empire encompassing most of the Balkans ("Rumelia"). For most of its history it was also the largest and most important province of the Empire. The capital was in Adrianople (Edirne), Sofia, and finally Monastir (Bitola). Its reported area in the 19th century was . == History == The first ''beylerbey'' of Rumelia was Lala Shahin Pasha, who was awarded the title by Sultan Murad I as a reward for his capture of Adrianople (modern Edirne) in the 1360s, and given military authority over the Ottoman territories in Europe, which he governed effectively as the Sultan's deputy while the Sultan returned to Anatolia. From its foundation, the province of Rumelia—initially termed ''beylerbeylik'' or generically ''vilayet'' ("province"), only after 1591 was the term ''eyalet'' used〔—encompassed the entirety of the Ottoman Empire's European possessions, including the trans-Danubian conquests like Akkerman, until the creation of further ''eyalets'' in the 16th century, beginning with the Archipelago (1533), Budin (1541) and Bosnia (1580).〔〔 The first capital of Rumelia was probably Edirne (Adrianople), which was also, until the Fall of Constantinople in 1453, the Ottomans' capital city. It was followed by Sofia for a while and again by Edirne until 1520, when Sofia became the definite seat of the ''beylerbey''.〔 At the time, the ''beylerbey'' of Rumelia was the commander of the most important military force in the state in the form of the timariot ''sipahi'' cavalry, and his presence in the capital during this period made him a regular member of the Imperial Council (''divan''). For the same reason, powerful Grand Viziers like Mahmud Pasha Angelovic or Pargalı Ibrahim Pasha held the ''beylerbeylik'' in tandem with the grand vizierate.〔 In the 18th century, Monastir emerged as an alternate residence of the governor, and in 1836, it officially became the capital of the ''eyalet''. At about the same time, the ''Tanzimat'' reforms, aimed at modernizing the Empire, split off the new ''eyalets'' of Üsküb, Yanya and Selanik and reduced the Rumelia Eyalet to a few provinces around Monastir. The rump ''eyalet'' survived until 1867, when, as part of the transition to the more uniform ''vilayet'' system, it became part of the Salonica Vilayet.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Rumelia Eyalet」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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